Quasars and Mininovae

In the last post, I discussed how a large density can go from the form of a star to a supernova to a black hole to a grey hole. This progression of representations can all be explained through the fundamentals of cascading essence and cohesion.

A grey hole is a super-dense core with additional material accreted around it in a thick enough coating to cause less-dense elements to be expelled at sub-light speeds. But what happens after the grey hole stage? Surely, this is not the end of such a density’s evolution…

At this time, I believe there are two major evolutionary paths that large densities take from the grey hole stage – quasars or [neutron stars 01/13/2013] black holes. Which route a grey hole takes depends on several factors, the most important ones being:

1. the size of the grey hole’s ultra-dense core (which is determined by the size of the original star), and
2. the amount of “sufficiently dense” feeder elements in the immediate vicinity of the grey hole.

There are likely other factors to be taken into account, but let’s focus on these two to start.

If the grey hole’s core is over a certain minimum size and there is a good supply of sufficiently dense elements nearby to be pulled into it, then the density will become a quasar. This jives with current thinking on the creation of quasars. According to Wikipedia:

Quasars show where massive black holes are growing rapidly (via accretion). These black holes grow in step with the mass of stars in their host galaxy in a way not understood at present.

So, what is the specific process that takes a grey hole to a quasar? Once enough “outside” material accretes to the core, the coating on the core becomes sufficiently thick to promote the expulsion of elements fast enough that their residual velocity (v_r) exceeds the minimum speed of light, c_min. At this moment, the grey hole would seem to re-ignite, “shining” like a star.

A Hubble picture showing a quasar core.
[From: Wikimedia Commons]

First, quasars are much, much brighter than the stars they evolved from – millions to trillions times the brightness of our sun. In CEC, this luminosity is explained by the fact that the ultra-dense core of the quasar would speed up the normal process of expulsion many-fold, expelling less-dense elements at a phenomenal rate. These elements would be continually replenished by new material accreting into the quasar.

Second, quasars tend to grow brighter (then less bright again) each on their own time period. According to Wikipedia:

Quasars are found to vary in luminosity on a variety of time scales. Some vary in brightness every few months, weeks, days, or hours. … The emission of large amounts of power from a small region requires a power source far more efficient than the nuclear fusion that powers stars. The release of gravitational energy by matter falling towards a massive black hole is the only process known that can produce such high power continuously. Stellar explosions – supernovas and gamma-ray bursts – can do so, but only for a few weeks.

At this time, I believe that these changes in luminosity can be attributed to (relatively) small supernova-like events, which I’m calling mininovae. If the input of essential elements accreting into the quasar exceeds its ability to expel enough of those elements through “normal” expulsion, the excess elements of all densities continually build up around the core – until they reach an amount and density-concentration that produces a similar result as in a traditional supernova – a cataclysmic collapse of the core’s coating which expels all but the highest-density elements. The highest-density elements from the coating would be added to the quasar’s core during a mininova.

While the amount of elements expelled in a mininova would be very, very large, the relative luminosity of that event compared to the quasar’s normal expulsion would make it seem only like a temporary brightening of an already super-bright phenomenon. As long as the quasar has a steady stream of external material to feed this process, the cycle of expulsion and mininovae would continue. I do believe, however, that the frequency and intensity of those cycles would change over time. I’ll try to hypothesize how these cycles would evolve in a future post.

Of course, quasars aren’t the end state for massive densities, either. As the core of a quasar grows larger and denser (through essence cascades, attraction and mininovae) and the material available to power it decreases, there are likely other representations that its density goes through.

In a future post, I’ll talk about [the other important grey hole descendant, the neutron star 01/03/2013] how a grey hole can also go back to black hole form].